{"id":5312,"date":"2019-11-26T12:04:51","date_gmt":"2019-11-26T12:04:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.erdmost.hu\/2019\/11\/26\/hetvenot-eve-az-edes-hazaban\/"},"modified":"2019-11-26T12:04:51","modified_gmt":"2019-11-26T12:04:51","slug":"hetvenot-eve-az-edes-hazaban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/erdmost.hu\/en\/2019\/11\/26\/hetvenot-eve-az-edes-hazaban\/","title":{"rendered":"Hetven\u00f6t \u00e9ve az \u201e\u00e9des haz\u00e1ban\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A Hagyom\u00e1nyok H\u00e1z\u00e1ban minden a bukovinai sz\u00e9kelyekr\u0151l sz\u00f3lt szombaton. D\u00e9lel\u0151tt a \u201emesesutuban\u201d v\u00e1rt\u00e1k els\u0151sorban a kisebbeket. &nbsp;A sut a paraszth\u00e1zban a kemence \u00e9s a fal k\u00f6z\u00f6tt lev\u0151 sz\u0171k\u00f6cske hely volt, itt tany\u00e1ztak vagy aludtak a kisgyerekek, \u00e9s ide kucorogva hallgatt\u00e1k est\u00e9nk\u00e9nt sz\u00fcleik, nagysz\u00fcleik mes\u00e9j\u00e9t. A bukovinaiak \u00e1ltal sutunak h\u00edvott kuck\u00f3k \u00e9s a mesemond\u00e1s hangulat\u00e1t, \u00edzeit id\u00e9zt\u00e9k fel szombaton d\u00e9lel\u0151tt a Hagyom\u00e1nyok H\u00e1z\u00e1ban, ahol meg lehetett hallgatni n\u00e9h\u00e1ny bukovinai n\u00e9pmes\u00e9tl, F\u00e1bi\u00e1n \u00c9va mesemond\u00f3 \u00e9s n\u00e9pdal\u00e9nekes, valamint a Katyika \u00e9s Matyika N\u00e9pmesemond\u00f3 Verseny egyik els\u0151 helyezettje, az \u00c9rdligeti \u00c1ltal\u00e1nos Iskola 2\/c-s tanul\u00f3ja, Jakab-Aponyi Zonga el\u0151ad\u00e1s\u00e1ban. A n\u00e9pmes\u00e9k k\u00f6z\u00f6tti sz\u00fcnetekben a Csurg\u00f3 egy\u00fcttes h\u00fazta a talp al\u00e1 val\u00f3t, \u00e9s Kert\u00e9sz Hanga \u00e9s Jakab Tam\u00e1s bukovinai hagyom\u00e1ny\u0151rz\u0151k tan\u00edtottak a kicsiknek \u00e9s nagyoknak bukovinai sz\u00e9kely n\u00e9pt\u00e1ncl\u00e9p\u00e9seket. A sutuban arra is ny\u00edlt lehet\u0151s\u00e9g, hogy Borb\u00e9nyi \u00c9va k\u00e9zm\u0171ves ir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1val kipr\u00f3b\u00e1lhass\u00e1k a sz\u00f6v\u00e9st az igazi parasztsz\u00f6v\u0151sz\u00e9k kicsiny\u00edtett m\u00e1s\u00e1n, szalagsz\u00f6v\u0151 sz\u00e1df\u00e1n, s\u0151t, azt is el lehetett saj\u00e1t\u00edtani, hogyan lehet az ember l\u00e1nya igaz\u00e1n k\u00f6rm\u00f6nfont.<\/p>\n<p>Volt m\u00e9g itt k\u00f6nyvv\u00e1s\u00e1r \u00e9s fot\u00f3ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s, d\u00e9lut\u00e1n nagyszab\u00e1s\u00fa g\u00e1la, ahol t\u00f6bbek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt K\u00f3ka Roz\u00e1lia \u00e9s az \u00c9rdi &nbsp;Bukovinai Sz\u00e9kely N\u00e9pdalk\u00f6r is fell\u00e9pett, majd az est\u00e9t sz\u00e9kely fon\u00f3val \u00e9s fergeteges t\u00e1nch\u00e1zzal z\u00e1rt\u00e1k.<\/p>\n<p>Mindezzel arra eml\u00e9keztek, hogy hetven\u00f6t \u00e9ve \u00e9rkeztek haza, Magyarorsz\u00e1gra a bukovinai sz\u00e9kelyek, hossz\u00fa, trag\u00e9di\u00e1kkal \u00e9s vesztes\u00e9gekkel teli \u00fatjuk \u00f6t\u00f6dik, \u00e9s v\u00e9gs\u0151 \u00e1llom\u00e1sak\u00e9nt. A bukovinai sz\u00e9kelyek sz\u00f6vev\u00e9nyes \u00e9s ki\u0171zet\u00e9sekkel, menek\u00fcl\u00e9sekkel teli \u00fatjaikr\u00f3l K\u00f3ka Roz\u00e1lia, a N\u00e9pm\u0171v\u00e9szet Mestere \u00e9s a program f\u0151 szervez\u0151je mes\u00e9lt lapunknak, aki akkor m\u00e9g csak egy\u00e9ves kisl\u00e1ny volt, de azt mondja, annyiszor hallotta a t\u00f6rt\u00e9nteket, hogy szinte \u0151 maga is \u00fagy \u00e9rzi, szerepl\u0151je \u00e9s tan\u00faja volt mindnek.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; 1764 v\u00edzkeresztj\u00e9n az osztr\u00e1kok lem\u00e9sz\u00e1rolt\u00e1k az ellen\u00fck l\u00e1zad\u00f3 sz\u00e9kely hat\u00e1r\u0151r\u00f6ket, mert nem akartak osztr\u00e1k fennhat\u00f3s\u00e1g alatt, osztr\u00e1k seregben szolg\u00e1lni. Ez volt a k\u00f6znyelvben a mad\u00e9falvi veszedelem, amiben 2-300 ember halt meg egyetlen \u00e9jszaka. Porig \u00e9gett az eg\u00e9sz falu, majd az \u00e9jszak\u00e1t k\u00f6vet\u0151en t\u00f6bb mint t\u00edzezren menek\u00fcltek a nagy erd\u00e9lyi t\u00e9lben Moldv\u00e1ba. Eltelt t\u00edz esztend\u0151, amikor M\u00e1ria Ter\u00e9zia megszerezte Bukovina tarhttps:\/\/erdmost.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/business-blog-session-cover-img-03.jpg\u00e1ny\u00e1t, ahol \u00e9ppen v\u00e9get \u00e9rt az osztr\u00e1k-t\u00f6r\u00f6k h\u00e1bor\u00fa. A f\u00f6ldek m\u0171veletlen\u00fcl \u00e1lltak, gr\u00f3f Hadikfalvi Andr\u00e1s seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel -, aki nagyon j\u00f3 bar\u00e1ts\u00e1gban \u00e1llt II. J\u00f3zseffel,- ide telep\u00edtett\u00e9k le tizenvalah\u00e1ny m\u00e1sik n\u00e9pcsoporttal egy\u00fctt a sz\u00e9kely menek\u00fclteket. Besz\u00e9des nev\u0171 falvakat hoztak itt l\u00e9tre: Istenseg\u00edts \u00e9s Fogadjisten n\u00e9ven, k\u00e9s\u0151bb Hadikfalva \u00e9s Andr\u00e1sfalva, J\u00f3zseffalva. Templomok, iskol\u00e1k \u00e9p\u00fcltek, er\u0151teljes leteleped\u00e9s indult itt meg. Teltek az \u00e9vtizedek, \u00e9s a vir\u00e1gz\u00f3 k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9geknek egyik nagy neh\u00e9zs\u00e9ge abb\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmazott, hogy az \u00f6r\u00f6kl\u00e9si rendben a f\u00f6ldter\u00fcletek, amiket kaptak leteleped\u00e9skor, elaproz\u00f3dtak, annyira, hogy sok embernek m\u00e9g h\u00e1zhelynyi ter\u00fclete sem volt. \u00cdgy h\u00e1t sokan elmentek Moldv\u00e1ba, \u00e9s ott a nagy gazdas\u00e1gok f\u00f6ldjein dolgoztak.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; A Bukovin\u00e1b\u00f3l val\u00f3 elj\u00f6vetelnek t\u00f6bb l\u00e9pcs\u0151je volt. 1880-ra szeg\u00e9nyedett el annyira a k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9g, hogy nagy hazafias fellend\u00fcl\u00e9sb\u0151l megszervezt\u00e9k az aldunai telep\u00edt\u00e9st. J\u00f3kai M\u00f3r az \u00fajs\u00e1gj\u00e1ban, a Honban gy\u0171jt\u00f6tt 100 ezer forintot, \u00e9s keresett t\u00e1mogat\u00f3kat is a c\u00e9l \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben. 1883 m\u00e1jus\u00e1ban 4000 sz\u00e9kely v\u00e1ndorolt az Al-Duna partj\u00e1ra, Belgr\u00e1d k\u00f6rny\u00e9k\u00e9re, ahol rettenetes term\u00e9szeti viszonyok fogadt\u00e1k \u0151ket. Nagy k\u00ednkeservvel fel\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k Sz\u00e9kelykev\u00e9t, amit m\u00e1r az els\u0151 jeges \u00e1rv\u00edz elvitt. 1905-ben sokan elindultak Kanad\u00e1ba, majd az els\u0151 vil\u00e1gh\u00e1bor\u00faban tizennyolcszor cser\u00e9lt gazd\u00e1t Bukovina. A tarhttps:\/\/erdmost.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/business-blog-session-cover-img-03.jpg\u00e1ny v\u00e9g\u00fcl rom\u00e1n fennhat\u00f3s\u00e1g al\u00e1 ker\u00fclt. A rom\u00e1nok akik azzal kezdt\u00e9k, hogy el\u00e9gett\u00e9k a magyar tank\u00f6nyveket, \u00e9s el\u00fcld\u00f6zt\u00e9k a magyar tan\u00edt\u00f3kat. A magyar sz\u00f3 teljesen a templomba szorult. A magyars\u00e1got ellehetetlen\u00edtett\u00e9k. Dr. N\u00e9meth K\u00e1lm\u00e1n volt az v\u00e9g\u00fcl, aki megszervezte a hazatelep\u00edt\u00e9st. Ha az ember j\u00f3zan \u00e9sszel elgondolja, teljesen k\u00e9ptelen \u00f6tlet volt hazatelep\u00edteni 15 ezer embert 1500 km t\u00e1vols\u00e1gb\u00f3l. 1941-ben megind\u00edtott\u00e1k a rom\u00e1nokkal egyet\u00e9rt\u00e9sben a hazatelep\u00edt\u00e9st. 13500 bukovinai sz\u00e9kely \u00e9s 1000 moldvai cs\u00e1ng\u00f3 telepedett le B\u00e1csk\u00e1ban, ahonnan kor\u00e1bban el\u0171zt\u00e9k a dobrovolj\u00e1cokat, akik az 1. vil\u00e1gh\u00e1bor\u00fa ut\u00e1n kaptak ter\u00fcleteket a magyar f\u00f6ldbirtokosok uradalmaib\u00f3l. 1944. okt\u00f3ber 6-\u00e1n hangzott el az els\u0151 r\u00e1di\u00f3\u00fczenet, hogy menek\u00fcljenek onnan a sz\u00e9kelyek a szerb partiz\u00e1ncsapatok el\u0151ret\u00f6r\u00e9se miatt. Az \u00f6t falu n\u00e9pe 39 faluba volt sz\u00e9tsz\u00f3rva Szabadk\u00e1t\u00f3l \u00dajvid\u00e9kig, \u00e9s leszakadt egy csoport, akiket elfogtak a partiz\u00e1nok. 42 ember veszett v\u00e9gleg oda, akik 40 \u00f6zvegyet \u00e9s 120 \u00e1rv\u00e1t hagytak maguk ut\u00e1n. \u00dagyhogy tragikus volt az utunk, de \u00f6r\u00f6mteli a meg\u00e9rkez\u00e9s\u00fcnk, hogy \u00f6t\u00f6dik \u00e1llom\u00e1sunkon, a sz\u00e9p magyar haz\u00e1ban m\u00e1r &#8211;&nbsp; rem\u00e9lem, v\u00e9gleg &#8211; letelepedhett\u00fcnk.<\/p>\n<p><drupal-entity data-embed-button=\"gallery\" data-entity-embed-display=\"view_mode:node.full\" data-entity-type=\"node\" data-entity-uuid=\"cc746a37-73f8-4a61-a32c-f642feb65958\"><\/drupal-entity><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Eg\u00e9sz napos programokkal \u00e9s nagyszab\u00e1s\u00fa g\u00e1l\u00e1val eml\u00e9keztek a bukovinai sz\u00e9kelyek haza\u00e9rkez\u00e9s\u00e9nek 75. \u00e9vfordul\u00f3j\u00e1ra a Hagyom\u00e1nyok H\u00e1z\u00e1ban Budapesten, \u00c9rd \u00d6nkorm\u00e1nyzat\u00e1nak szervez\u00e9s\u00e9vel november 23-\u00e1n.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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