{"id":3388,"date":"2019-06-17T07:50:42","date_gmt":"2019-06-17T07:50:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.erdmost.hu\/2019\/06\/17\/kincs-ami-nincs-globalis-vagy-helyi-problema-vizhiany\/"},"modified":"2019-06-17T07:50:42","modified_gmt":"2019-06-17T07:50:42","slug":"kincs-ami-nincs-globalis-vagy-helyi-problema-vizhiany","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/erdmost.hu\/en\/2019\/06\/17\/kincs-ami-nincs-globalis-vagy-helyi-problema-vizhiany\/","title":{"rendered":"Kincs, ami nincs: glob\u00e1lis vagy helyi probl\u00e9ma a v\u00edzhi\u00e1ny?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Az ENSZ kezdem\u00e9nyez\u00e9s\u00e9re 24 \u00e9ve j\u00fanius 17. az Elsivatagosod\u00e1s \u00e9s Asz\u00e1ly Elleni K\u00fczdelem vil\u00e1gnapja. A t\u00e9ma m\u00e1ra olyannyira aktu\u00e1liss\u00e1 v\u00e1lt, hogy a legut\u00f3bbi h\u00edrek szerint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az India k\u00f6z\u00e9ps\u0151 r\u00e9sz\u00e9n https:\/\/erdmost.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/business-blog-session-cover-img-03.jpgbol\u00f3 h\u0151s\u00e9g \u00e9s v\u00edzhi\u00e1ny miatt falvak sz\u00e1zait evaku\u00e1lj\u00e1k, \u00e9s az asz\u00e1ly legal\u00e1bb nyolcmilli\u00f3 f\u00f6ldm\u0171vest \u00e9rint. Ek\u00f6zben a sivatagok terjeszked\u00e9se t\u00f6bb mint 1 milli\u00e1rd ember biztons\u00e1gos ell\u00e1t\u00e1s\u00e1t, ezen bel\u00fcl is Eur\u00f3pa szinte minden mediterr\u00e1n orsz\u00e1g\u00e1t vesz\u00e9lyezteti, \u00e9s a becsl\u00e9sek szerint 2050-re ak\u00e1r 700 milli\u00f3 ember k\u00e9nyszer\u00fclhet arra, hogy elhagyja lak\u00f3hely\u00e9t a megfelel\u0151 term\u0151ter\u00fcletek hi\u00e1nya miatt. A Budapesti V\u00edz Vil\u00e1gtal\u00e1lkoz\u00f3 2019 Nemzetk\u00f6zi Program- \u00e9s Sz\u00f6vegez\u0151-bizotts\u00e1g eln\u00f6ke, Prof. Sz\u00f6ll\u0151si-Nagy Andr\u00e1s szerint m\u00e9g mindig kevesen vannak tiszt\u00e1ban azzal, hogy a 21. sz\u00e1zadban a v\u00edz k\u00e9rd\u00e9se nemzetk\u00f6zi szinten a legf\u0151bb feladatok k\u00f6z\u00e9 emelkedett. A probl\u00e9ma pedig m\u00e1ra kor\u00e1ntsem csak t\u00e1voli f\u00f6ldr\u00e9szeket \u00e9rint, hanem Magyarorsz\u00e1got is.<\/p>\n

Asz\u00e1ly Magyarorsz\u00e1gon<\/strong><\/p>\n

Az eddigi legnagyobb magyarorsz\u00e1gi asz\u00e1ly t\u00f6bb mint 150 \u00e9ve 1863-ban volt, amikor az Alf\u00f6ld legnagyobb r\u00e9sze term\u00e9ketlenn\u00e9 v\u00e1lt, \u00e9s nemcsak a haszon\u00e1llatok pusztultak el, de az emberek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt is \u00e9h\u00edns\u00e9g t\u00f6rt ki. Szerencs\u00e9re ma ez szinte elk\u00e9pzelhetetlen, azonban azt is l\u00e1tni kell, hogy egyre gyakrabban fordulnak el\u0151 asz\u00e1lyos \u00e9vek: m\u00edg r\u00e9gebben \u00e1tlagosan h\u00e9t\u00e9vente, addig ma m\u00e1r h\u00e1rom\u00e9vente lehet s\u00falyos asz\u00e1lyra sz\u00e1m\u00edtani. Ebben szerepet j\u00e1tszik, hogy az elm\u00falt t\u00f6bb mint 100 \u00e9vben a nyarak melegedtek legink\u00e1bb, \u00e1tlagosan 1,6 \u00b0C-kal, mik\u00f6zben az egyre t\u00f6bbsz\u00f6r csapad\u00e9kbomb\u00e1k form\u00e1j\u00e1ban hirtelen lez\u00fadul\u00f3 es\u0151 vill\u00e1m\u00e1rvizet okoz, ahelyett, hogy a talajban hasznosulhatna.<\/p>\n

H\u00e1nyf\u00e9le asz\u00e1ly l\u00e9tezik?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Amit a laikus, h\u00e9tk\u00f6znapi emberek egyszer\u0171en csak asz\u00e1lynak mondanak, azt a szakemberek ak\u00e1r hat k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 t\u00edpusba is sorolhatj\u00e1k:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Meteorol\u00f3giai asz\u00e1ly: Ez az, amit mindenki j\u00f3l ismer, amikor egyszer\u0171en kev\u00e9s csapad\u00e9k esik. Nem mindegy azonban, hogy mennyi ideig. Asz\u00e1lyr\u00f3l akkor besz\u00e9l\u00fcnk, ha a csapad\u00e9k \u00e9vi mennyis\u00e9ge k\u00e9t \u00e9ven kereszt\u00fcl a norm\u00e1l \u00e9rt\u00e9k maximum\u00e1nak 60 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9ka alatt marad.<\/li>\n
  2. Mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi asz\u00e1ly: Ilyenkor a kev\u00e9s vagy egyenetlen eloszl\u00e1s\u00fa csapad\u00e9k miatt a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek nem tudnak kell\u0151 vizet felvenni, jelent\u0151s k\u00e1rt okozva ezzel a mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gban. A nem megfelel\u0151 csapad\u00e9kmennyis\u00e9g miatt ma m\u00e1r glob\u00e1lisan a f\u00f6ldter\u00fcletek t\u00f6bb mint 75 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k\u00e1t \u00e9rinti talajroml\u00e1s, ami az uni\u00f3s K\u00f6z\u00f6s Kutat\u00f3k\u00f6zpont becsl\u00e9se szerint 2050-re ak\u00e1r 90 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9kra is n\u0151het.<\/li>\n
  3. L\u00e9gk\u00f6ri asz\u00e1lyr\u00f3l akkor besz\u00e9l\u00fcnk, amikor a leveg\u0151 magas, 30 \u00baC feletti h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klete \u00e9s alacsony nedvess\u00e9gtartalma miatt a p\u00e1rolg\u00e1s annyira fokoz\u00f3dik, hogy a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyzet nem k\u00e9pes a p\u00e1rologtat\u00e1st megfelel\u0151 m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben fokozni, annak ellen\u00e9re sem, hogy elegend\u0151 v\u00edz van a talajban.<\/li>\n
  4. A fiziol\u00f3giai asz\u00e1ly f\u0151k\u00e9nt kora tavasszal jellemz\u0151, amikor a talaj alacsony h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klete miatt a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek gy\u00f6k\u00e9rzete nem k\u00e9pes kell\u0151 mennyis\u00e9g\u0171 vizet felvenni.  <\/li>\n
  5. Hidrol\u00f3giai asz\u00e1ly eset\u00e9n a foly\u00f3k, forr\u00e1sok, tavak, v\u00edzt\u00e1roz\u00f3k, talaj- \u00e9s karsztvizek v\u00edzszintje, illetve v\u00edzhozama jelent\u0151s m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben cs\u00f6kken.<\/li>\n
  6. Gazdas\u00e1gi asz\u00e1lyr\u00f3l pedig akkor besz\u00e9l\u00fcnk, amikor a v\u00edzhi\u00e1ny akkora k\u00e1rt okoz, ami m\u00e1r az adott t\u00e9rs\u00e9g gazdas\u00e1g\u00e1t, meg\u00e9lhet\u00e9s\u00e9t vesz\u00e9lyezteti.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Az idei Budapesti V\u00edz Vil\u00e1gtal\u00e1lkoz\u00f3 legf\u0151bb t\u00e9m\u00e1ja is a glob\u00e1lis v\u00edzv\u00e1ls\u00e1g megel\u0151z\u00e9se, illetve ahol ez m\u00e1r nem lehets\u00e9ges, a hat\u00e1sokhoz val\u00f3 alkalmazkod\u00e1s el\u0151seg\u00edt\u00e9se lesz. Az \u00c1der J\u00e1nos k\u00f6zt\u00e1rsas\u00e1gi eln\u00f6k f\u0151v\u00e9dn\u00f6ks\u00e9g\u00e9vel okt\u00f3ber 15-17. k\u00f6z\u00f6tt megval\u00f3sul\u00f3 tal\u00e1lkoz\u00f3 c\u00e9lja, hogy a v\u00edzv\u00e1ls\u00e1g megel\u0151z\u00e9s\u00e9t \u00e9s a k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyekhez val\u00f3 sikeres alkalmazkod\u00e1st a kev\u00e9s v\u00edz, a sok v\u00edz \u00e9s a szennyezett v\u00edz k\u00f6vetkezt\u00e9ben el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00f3 helyzetek mindegyik\u00e9re alkalmazza, \u00e9s ezzel hozz\u00e1j\u00e1ruljon a glob\u00e1lis v\u00edzpolitikai folyamatok alak\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz. <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    24 \u00e9ve annak, hogy az ENSZ kezdem\u00e9nyez\u00e9s\u00e9re a mai napot az Elsivatagosod\u00e1s \u00e9s Asz\u00e1ly Elleni K\u00fczdelem vil\u00e1gnapj\u00e1nak jel\u00f6lt\u00e9k. A t\u00e9ma fontoss\u00e1g\u00e1t \u00e9s aktualit\u00e1s\u00e1t jelzi, hogy az idei \u00e9v legnagyobb diplom\u00e1ciai esem\u00e9nye, a Budapesti V\u00edz Vil\u00e1gtal\u00e1lkoz\u00f3 2019 egyik kiemelt ter\u00fclete a v\u00edzhi\u00e1ny volt.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"cikk_cimkek":[25,20],"content_flags":[350,348],"content_icons":[],"class_list":["post-3388","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-erdmost","cikk_cimkek-mindennapok","cikk_cimkek-zoldjarat","content_flags-erdekes","content_flags-top"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/erdmost.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3388","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/erdmost.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/erdmost.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erdmost.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erdmost.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3388"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/erdmost.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3388\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/erdmost.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3388"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erdmost.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3388"},{"taxonomy":"cikk_cimkek","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erdmost.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/cikk_cimkek?post=3388"},{"taxonomy":"content_flags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erdmost.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content_flags?post=3388"},{"taxonomy":"content_icons","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erdmost.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content_icons?post=3388"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}