{"id":120140,"date":"2025-04-06T13:45:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-06T11:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/erdmost.hu\/?p=120140"},"modified":"2025-04-06T12:56:24","modified_gmt":"2025-04-06T10:56:24","slug":"tizezer-faval-gazdagodik-a-beliczay-sziget","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/erdmost.hu\/en\/2025\/04\/06\/tizezer-faval-gazdagodik-a-beliczay-sziget\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00edzezer f\u00e1val gazdagodik a Beliczay-sziget"},"content":{"rendered":"

K\u00f6zel t\u00edzezer \u0151shonos f\u00e1t \u00fcltetnek el \u00e1prilis elej\u00e9n a Beliczay-szigeten. Az erd\u0151s\u00edt\u00e9snek k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151en kocs\u00e1nyos t\u00f6lgy (1200), v\u00e9nic-szil (500), feh\u00e9r ny\u00e1r (1500), fekete ny\u00e1r (1500), mezei juhar (300), mezei szil (400), m\u00e9zg\u00e1s \u00e9ger (1400), feh\u00e9r f\u0171z (400), vadalma (400), korai juhar (400), mogyor\u00f3 (100), k\u00e1nyabangita (100), gyerty\u00e1n (1000) sz\u00ednes\u00edti mostant\u00f3l a nemes ny\u00e1rf\u00e1k egyhang\u00fa k\u00e9p\u00e9t.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

T\u00f3th P\u00e9ter, a Pilisi Parkerd\u0151 Zrt. R\u00e1ckevei Erd\u00e9szet\u00e9nek vezet\u0151je az \u00c9rdMostnak elmondta: a szabadgy\u00f6ker\u0171, a f\u00f6ldb\u0151l 40-60 centire kil\u00e1tsz\u00f3 facsemet\u00e9ket k\u00f6zel k\u00e9t hekt\u00e1ron telep\u00edtik, olyan ter\u00fcletekre, ahonnan kor\u00e1bban nemes ny\u00e1rf\u00e1kat termeltek ki.<\/p>\n

A nemes ny\u00e1rr\u00f3l tudni kell, hogy kifejezetten faipari c\u00e9lokra \u00fcltett\u00e9k. Gyors n\u00f6veked\u00e9s\u0171, r\u00f6vid \u00e9lettartam\u00fa fa, mely h\u00fasz \u00e9v alatt meg\u00e9rik a \u201ebetakar\u00edt\u00e1sra\u201d. Jellemz\u0151je m\u00e9g, hogy a k\u00f6rnyezeti hat\u00e1sokkal szemben kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 ellen\u00e1ll\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\"\"
T\u00f3th P\u00e9ter<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Egy-egy ter\u00fcletre egykor\u00fa \u00e9s azonos g\u00e9nk\u00e9szlet\u0171 faegyedeket \u00fcltettek annak idej\u00e9n (mint ahogy \u2013 mondjuk \u2013 a hibrid kukoric\u00e1t vetj\u00fck). Az ilyen t\u00edpus\u00fa erd\u0151ket csak tarv\u00e1g\u00e1ssal lehet kezelni, ha a f\u00e1k el\u00f6regedtek.<\/p>\n

A tarv\u00e1g\u00e1s miatt meg\u00fcresedett ter\u00fcletekre (a sziget \u00e9szaki fel\u00e9re, illetve a Beliczay-h\u00e1z k\u00f6zel\u00e9be) pedig most a nemes ny\u00e1rf\u00e1k helyett v\u00e1ltozatos, az erd\u0151k\u00e9pet sz\u00ednes\u00edt\u0151, a biodiverzit\u00e1st er\u0151s\u00edt\u0151 fajt\u00e1k ker\u00fclnek.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ez az\u00e9rt j\u00f3, mert magasabb \u00f6kol\u00f3giai \u00e9rt\u00e9ket k\u00e9pviselnek. Egy nemes ny\u00e1r kevesebb \u00e9letteret tud biztos\u00edtani a t\u00f6bbi n\u00f6v\u00e9ny, gomba, rovar sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. Az \u0151shonos fajt\u00e1k \u00fcltet\u00e9s\u00e9nek k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151en sokkal \u00e9rt\u00e9kesebb \u00e9l\u0151helyek keletkeznek a szigeten \u2013 tudtuk meg T\u00f3th P\u00e9tert\u0151l.<\/p>\n

Persze, most is \u00e9lnek itt f\u00e1k a nemes ny\u00e1ron k\u00edv\u00fcl, de egyr\u00e9szt kevesen, m\u00e1sr\u00e9szt sok k\u00f6zt\u00fck az \u00f6regebb fa.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u201eHa v\u00e9gigs\u00e9t\u00e1l a szigeten, l\u00e1that kisebb csoportokban \u00fcltetett, id\u0151s t\u00f6lgyf\u00e1kat. Ezek most 90 \u00e9v k\u00f6r\u00fcliek. Ilyen term\u0151helyviszonyok mellett k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 150 \u00e9vig maradnak \u00e9pek, eg\u00e9szs\u00e9gesek. Szeretn\u00e9nk, ha lenne ut\u00e1np\u00f3tl\u00e1suk\u201d \u2013 mondta a szakember.<\/p>\n

A csemet\u00e9k h\u00e1rom\u00e9vesek. Val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg nem fog mindegyik megeredni, de ezzel sz\u00e1mol az erd\u00e9szet. Szerencs\u00e9re mostan\u00e1ban volt el\u00e9g csapad\u00e9k, nedves a talaj, de a sz\u00e1razs\u00e1g, az asz\u00e1ly \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban nagy gondot okoz a szigeten (is).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u201eA kl\u00edmav\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s miatt egyre hosszabbak a sz\u00e9ls\u0151s\u00e9gesen asz\u00e1lyos id\u0151szakok, nagyok a h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleti anom\u00e1li\u00e1k, \u00e9s ezeket a f\u00e1k nehezen tudj\u00e1k toler\u00e1lni. R\u00e1ad\u00e1sul a d\u00e9li, mediterr\u00e1n k\u00e1ros\u00edt\u00f3k egyre jobban h\u00faz\u00f3dnak felfel\u00e9. Ilyen p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a csipk\u00e9s poloska, ami kieszi a levelek sz\u00f6vet\u00e9t. Ha t\u00f6bb nedvess\u00e9get kapna a fa, jobban tudn\u00e1 toler\u00e1lni ezt a k\u00e1rtev\u0151t is\u201d \u2013 tette hozz\u00e1 T\u00f3th P\u00e9ter.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Odvas keltike<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Aki gyakran j\u00e1r az erd\u0151ben, l\u00e1thatja: a kl\u00edmav\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s miatt egyes fajok kiszorulnak a szigetr\u0151l (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a t\u0151zike, amib\u0151l \u00e9pphogy mutat\u00f3ban van m\u00e9g p\u00e1r sz\u00e1l), m\u00e1sok viszont elszaporodnak, mint a csillagvir\u00e1g, a h\u00f3vir\u00e1g, vagy az odvas keltike (k\u00e9p\u00fcnk\u00f6n), ami most mez\u0151k\u00e9nt bor\u00edtja a talajt.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Mi lehet erre a megold\u00e1s? \u00dcltethet\u00fcnk olyan f\u00e1kat, amelyek j\u00f3l toler\u00e1lj\u00e1k a sz\u00e1razs\u00e1got, az asz\u00e1lyt. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul ostorf\u00e1t, z\u00f6ld juhart, amerikai k\u0151rist. Csakhogy ezek nem \u0151shonosak, hanem invaz\u00edv fajok, amelyek pillanatok alatt \u00e1talak\u00edtan\u00e1k az erd\u0151 k\u00e9p\u00e9t, a cserjeszintt\u0151l a l\u00e1gysz\u00e1r\u00faakon \u00e1t a sz\u00e1munkra nem \u00e9szlelhet\u0151 talaj\u00e9letig.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

A m\u00e1sik lehet\u0151s\u00e9g az, ha megoldjuk a vizek visszatart\u00e1s\u00e1t. Egy ilyen program m\u00e1r elindult, m\u00e9ghozz\u00e1 nemzetk\u00f6zi szinten. Ez a Restoriver, amihez \u00c9rd, illetve a Pilisi Parkerd\u0151 is csatlakozott. A projekt mintater\u00fclete a Beliczay-sziget. Jelenleg tervez\u00e9si szakaszn\u00e1l tartanak. A projektr\u0151l kor\u00e1bban itt \u00edrtunk<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Hogy hogyan lehet a vizet visszatartani a szigeten, ha m\u00e1r a Dun\u00e1b\u00f3l nem j\u00f6n az \u00e1r? P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul \u00fagy, hogy a Sul\u00e1k-patak viz\u00e9t visszatorlasztjuk, a mederfeneket pedig megemelj\u00fck. Ez a megold\u00e1s a talajvizekre lenne pozit\u00edv hat\u00e1ssal. Seg\u00edtene az is, ha a r\u00e9gi meder\u00e1gba (ami a szigetet a sz\u00e1razf\u00f6ldt\u0151l annak idej\u00e9n elv\u00e1lasztotta) ism\u00e9t v\u00edz ker\u00fclne. L\u00e9teznek m\u00e1s megold\u00e1sok is, ezeket a Restoriver keret\u00e9ben dolgozz\u00e1k majd ki.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Arch\u00edv fot\u00f3 (k\u00e9p: Balogh Alex)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ez a program v\u00e1rhat\u00f3an el\u0151seg\u00edti, hogy sz\u00ednesebb, v\u00e1ltozatosabb legyen az \u00e9let a Beliczay-szigeten, \u00c9rd egyetlen olyan erdej\u00e9ben, amelynek egyszerre van gazdas\u00e1gi, rekre\u00e1ci\u00f3s \u00e9s term\u00e9szetv\u00e9delmi szerepe.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

R\u00e1ad\u00e1sul ezek nem nemesny\u00e1rf\u00e1k, hanem \u0151shonos fajt\u00e1k.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":120112,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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